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|national_anthem = }}}}("His Imperial Majesty's Reign") |national_motto = "Charter Oath" ("The Oath in Five Articles") |capital = Tokyo |latd=35 |latm=41 |latNS=N |longd=139 |longm=46 |longEW=E |religion = De jure: none De facto: espousing Shintoism Other: Buddhism |common_languages = Japanese |government_type = Daijō-kan (1868–1885) Constitutional monarchy (1890–1947)〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = National Diet Library )〕 Single-party state Military dictatorship (1940–1945) |title_leader = Emperor |leader1 = Meiji (Mutsuhito) |year_leader1 = 1868–1912 |leader2 = Taishō (Yoshihito) |year_leader2 = 1912–1926 |leader3 = Shōwa (Hirohito) |year_leader3 = 1926–1947 |title_deputy = Prime Minister |deputy1 = Itō Hirobumi (first) |year_deputy1 = 1885–1888 |deputy2 = Shigeru Yoshida (last) |year_deputy2 = 1946–1947 |legislature = Imperial Diet |house1 = House of Peers |house2 = House of Representatives |stat_year1 = 1942 estimate |stat_year2 = 1920 |stat_year3 = 1940 |stat_area1 = 7400000 |stat_pop2 = 77,700,000a |stat_pop3 = 105,200,000b |currency = Japanese yen, Korean yen, Taiwanese yen, Japanese military yen |footnote_a = 56.0 million lived in Japan proper. |footnote_b = 73.1 million lived in Japan proper.〔 |today = }} The was the historical Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration on January 3, 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.〔 Imperial Japan's rapid industrialization and militarization under the slogan led to its emergence as a world power and the establishment of a colonial empire. Economic and political turmoil in the 1920s led to the rise of militarism, eventually culminating in Japan's membership in the Axis alliance and the conquest of a large part of the Asia-Pacific region. At the height of its power in 1942, the Empire of Japan ruled over a land area spanning , making it one of the largest maritime empires in history.〔Bruce R. Gordon (2005). (See for sources used.)〕 After several large-scale military successes during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and the Pacific War, the Empire of Japan also gained notoriety for its war crimes against the peoples of the countries it conquered. After suffering many defeats and following the Soviet Union's declaration of war against Japan and invasion of Manchuria, and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, however, the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Allies on August 15, 1945. A period of occupation by the Allies followed the surrender, and a new constitution was created with American involvement. The constitution came into force on May 3, 1947, officially dissolving the Empire. American occupation and Japan's reconstruction of the country continued well into the 1950s, eventually forming the current nation-state whose full title is the "State of Japan" or simply rendered "Japan" in English. The Emperors during this time, which spanned the entire Meiji and Taishō, and the lesser part of the Shōwa eras, are now known in Japan by their posthumous names, which coincide with those era names: Emperor Meiji (Mutsuhito), Emperor Taishō (Yoshihito), and Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito). ==Terminology== The historical state is frequently referred to as "Empire of Japan" or "the Japanese Empire" or "Imperial Japan" in English. In Japanese it is referred to as ,〔 the literal translation of which is "Greater Japanese Empire": * ''Dai'' "Great" * ''Nippon'' "Japanese" * ''Teikoku'' "Empire" This meaning is significant in terms of geography, encompassing Japan and its surrounding areas. The nomenclature ''Empire of Japan'' had existed since the anti-Tokugawa domains, Satsuma and Chōshū, which founded their new government during the Meiji Restoration, with the intention of forming a modern state to resist western domination. Due to its name in Kanji characters and its flag, it was also called the Empire of the Sun. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Empire of Japan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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